Java 2 Essays - Computing Platforms, Cross-platform Software

Java 2 December 1999 Sun Microsystems publicly released a series of eighty mini-programs known as Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) which are designed to enhance large corporate servers. This two-year project had been undertaken by numerous programmers from dozens of companies, working together on what they believed to be an open-source project to enhance the Web-wise Java language created by Sun. Many of these companies now feel betrayed because Sun Microsystems is attempting to levy a royalty against the new release. This decision has especially elicited an angry response from IBM -- Sun's biggest Java partner which developed 80% of the new release. IBM has taken the lead in its refusal to pay the new fees and many smaller companies are following its lead. This latest incident accents the tenuous Java alliance and highlights problems within the open-source movement (i.e., Linux)?Kwhen the profit motive takes over, companies stop playing nice. Java was developed by Sun Microsystems to counter the Microsoft Windows monopoly. Programs written in Java are essentially universally adaptable to run on any type of hardware regardless of underlying operating system. Sun released the technical specifications for open-source use, but still controls the coding standard and Java name. This practice is at the heart of the latest uproar. Companies who develop software using the Java 2 Enterprise Edition must pass a series of Sun compatibility tests while paying three percent of total sales to use the J2EE seal. Sun contends this fee is necessary to defray costs of the Java franchise. Within the past four months only five of two-hundred Java licensees have signed up -- IBM not being one of them. We'll support the J2EE extensions -- but we won't use the J2EE brand, says Rodney Smith of IBM's Java group. Forbes contends the real issue in this corporate contest is not about royalties -- it is about control. Although IBM was a major player in J2EE development, Sun Microsystems ultimately dictates Java specifications, compatibility standards, and sets the licensing terms. IBM finds itself obliged to Sun, its rival in the corporate server-world. In addition, Sun recently released iPlanet as competing Web-based software against the IBM WebSphere; both manage Web server applications. IBM is not the only company voicing concerns. BEA Systems and SilverStream Software are smaller companies using the J2EE code in their Web-ware. They also must compete with the iPlanet software and fear Sun Microsystems could use its control of Java to leverage an advantage. Sun acknowledges their concerns and is promising not to act in that manner. The charges levied against Sun Microsystems have individuals at Microsoft smiling. After years of sanctimonious claims that Java was an open standard, Sun has finally dropped the pretense, notes Charles Fitzgerald, a director in Microsoft's developer group. There was discussion amongst Java developers advocating Sun Microsystems hand control of the Java standard to an independent panel, theoretically allowing all firms equality in defining Javas future. Sun attempted to work with a standards body but abandoned its latest effort in December. Forbes wonders how the other guys can fight back, suggesting they could form their own Java standards body -- over Sun's objections. They could develop alternatives to the official Java or pursue different software altogether. In the end, Forbes notes, The most likely outcome is that the fractiousness will continue: These guys need each other. Computers and Internet

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buy custom Businesses and Organizations essay Businesses and Organizations move their momentums merely to increase the shareholders equity. The main theme of every business lies on the net income. There are number of ways and provisions used by the organizations to increase the surplus. Business and Ethics are the two sides of a same picture as without any one second one is incomplete. There are number of literatures are there which institutionalized the importance of ethics in business. Business Ethics is extremely important in the marketing function of an organization because it is the only department that remains in one on one contact with the customers and consumers of the organizations. The main perspective of this study is related to business ethics and marketing. There are different questions relate to Caltex case of South Africa. Lets now move towards the first question of the report. Ans-1) Principles of Both Sides Before answering this question, this is desirable to include something about the intention of a company to expand its business in a new country or in a new place. Business is the name of expansion and certainly it will not yield the desired result until and unless it expands perfectly. Likewise it, Caltex which is a multinational oil company showed its intentions to launch its subsidiary in South Africa. According to the case study, it was April 1977 when Caltex submit its petition in the court of Security and Exchange Commision (SEC) of South Africa to allow the company to operate in the country. South African government gave them the mandate to operate in their country but the company has to give 100$ million to the government along with lots of domestic job offers. The principle presented by the South African government was absolutely right because every government want to see its country healthy and wealthy. On the other Hand Caltex has the principle to give them free hand only for the operation. The deal was final and now Caltex is one of the leading companies operating herein South Africa. Ans-2) Marketing Strategies It is a true fact that, although the mantra of every organization is same but the way to do that always varies from organization to organization or industry to industry. The marketing strategies presented in the case are wonderful which include advertisement and banners. SMS and Email marketing was not very familiar at that time that is why Caltex used these two methods to intimate the people. Inevitably, marketing strategies of a drug company always is different than that of a food company. There is always change in the advertisement and slogan. Food marketing can be done with the help of banners and panaflex but unfortunately it can not be applied on drug marketing. Infant Formula companies first used pana flex strategies to market their products which hasnt bought positive economic result for them, that is why this particular strategy camme under critics and severe pressure of the authors and then formula companies have to change their strategies. From that time till today advertisement is the only strategy used by formula companies. Ans-3) Price Fixing Schemes There are number of ways of marketing and fixing the price of a service is one of them. Usually telecommunication companies use this particular strategy to attract their customers. There are number of social and economical impact of this act. Obviously the buying and affording power of every individual is not same, so fixing the price of a product or service may harm low income group and give additional benefit for the high income group. Companies may also hurt economically with this act because the sales level will decrease with every price fixing strategies. People want bargaining, so the idea of fixing not works. Ans-4) Clarke Burkey Act Clarke Burky act was absolutely right because they also proposed the same provisions discussed above regarding the marketing strategies. Ans-5) Pollution Control Unlimited Good and Carrying Capacity is the best strategy to control the population of a country. Likewise, in manufacturing Just in Time (JIT) process worked wonderfully well to control the un-used inventories so carrying capacity restrict a user to bought a specific amount of goods and this particular action can control the population of a country. Buy custom Businesses and Organizations essay

Financial Report of the Fashion Company Hermes Case Study

Financial Report of the Fashion Company Hermes - Case Study Example The paper "Financial Report of the Fashion Company Hermes" is a report of finance situation of the fashion company called Hermes. A small number of attainment in wristwatch manufacture and fleece merchandise, as sound as in the additional unidentified fields of furnishings, upholstery fabrics and wallpaper complemented. Our existing mà ©tiers, enabling us to tender our clientele a increasingly better alternative of exceptional objects. The responsibility of the managerial Chairmen is to administer the collection and proceed in its all-purpose interest, within the range of the commercial principle and focus to those powers specifically approved by decree to the decision-making Board and to General Meetings of shareholders. Hermà ¨s International’s executive administration is comprised of the administrative Chairmen and the administrative group, which consists of six administration Directors, every of whom has distinct areas of accountability. Its task is to administer the Gro up’s deliberate executive. The Supervisory Board movements current organize over friendship management. For this reason, it has the similar authority as the legal Auditors. The administrative Board determines the planned pay appropriation for the financial year to be submitted to the Annual General Meeting. Among the goods include; Leather Goods-Saddlery: Leather goods and saddler are Hermes founding mà ©tier and account for 47% of sales. Its goods include bags, clutch bags, briefcases, luggage, diaries, writing accessories., small leather accessories, saddles and other equestrian items. Ready to wear and fashion accessories; This group includes; Women’s Ready to wear; tiring a gaucho bonnet and with a button in give, the proviso was decent in tooled or full-grain leathers set sour by a shagreen sheen, by means of entwined jackets in squashy lambskin plus crocodile bronzed to clearness, the final achievement. Tall, slim silhouettes in jodhpur jumpsuits, Amazon skirts, bloomer shorts in strand gabardine or draped dresses in iris and bright green viscose jersey were mutual with harness-bit belts, Etriviere trinkets and Jumping boots in a jiggle to the equestrian globe. Attributing a mark to this innovative vote, clean lines exposed the exactitude of volumes and the exquisiteness of resources. Maxi-hoods, lambskin leggings or jog bottoms in knit cashmere were damaged by athletic women or regular traveler. MEN’S READY-TO-WEAR The materials were work in innovative ways by means of ground-breaking technique that lent them strange weightlessness and gentleness. â€Å"Phantom-seam† calfskin, an terrific instance of trompe l’?il, necessary tremendously precise hot stamping. in the meantime, Etriviere lambskin acquire a screen-printed lining featuring the Pegase d’Hermesmotif, addition the sum total of modification to its very manly outlook. Creating â€Å"suffer exhaustion strand† knit necessary a highly complicated man ufacture progression and more than a few. ACCESSORIES The Accessories Department covers enamel and leather ,